Islamic Terms ... Names ... Expressions

Greeting: Peace be upon you ... As-salamu alai kum
Return Greeting: And peace be upon you ... Wa alai kum as-salam
God .... Allah (al-ilah); a combination of al (the) and ilah (god) meaning "the god".
God Most High ... Allah Ta'ala
God the glorified and exalted ... Allah Subhana wa Ta'ala or Allah (SWT)
God is Greater (than anything else) ... Allahu Akbar
In the name of God ... Bismillah
In the name of God the Merciful, the Compassionate ... Bismillah-ir Rahman-ir Rahim
Praise be to God (Hallelujah) ... Al-hamdulillah
Lord of Heaven and Earth (the Universe) ... Rabb-ul A`alamin
Jesus the Messiah ... Isa Al-Masih
Abraham (peace be upon him or "pbuh") ... Ibrahim (alaihi as-salam or [a:])
Isaac and Jacob ... Ishaq [a:] and Yaqub [a:]
Ishmael ... Ismail [a:]
Moses and Aaron ... Musa [a:] and Harun [a:]
David and Solomon ... Daud [a:] and Sulaiman [a:]
John the Baptist ... Yahya [a:]
Prophet ... Nabi
example: Prophet Moses ... Nabi Musa [a:]
Mary ... Maryam [a:]
Gabriel (holy spirit-messenger) ... Jibrail or Ruh-ul Quddus
Mohammed (blessing be upon him and peace) ... Muhammad (salallahu alaihi wa as-salam) or Muhammad [s:]
The Holy Book (the Bible) ... Al-Kitab-ul Muqaddas
The Book of Moses (Torah) ... Al-Tawrat
The Psalms of David ... Al-Zabur
New Testament (Gospel) ... Injil Sharif
Writings of the Prophets ... Suhuf-un Nabiyin
Jerusalem ... Al-Quds
Islamic religious law ... Shariah